Many people find astronomy interesting. Some of these people are content pursuing astronomy as a hobby. Others want to become professional astronomers and find careers in astronomy.
What Astronomers Do
Astronomers study the universe and the various types of objects contained in the universe, including stars, planets, and galaxies. Astronomers use telescopes to study these objects and apply basic principles of physics to deduce the nature of these objects. Some astronomers work primarily observing astronomical objects. Others develop theories to explain astronomical data.
Many astronomers teach astronomy or physics at colleges and universities. These astronomers often do research in astronomy to extend our understanding of the universe.
Other astronomers work at government laboratories or observatories primarily on research. For example, NASA employs many astronomers.
Industry provides other astronomical career opportunities. Some industrial astronomers might be doing astronomical work, often under a government contract. Others might be applying their knowledge of fundamental science and their problem solving skills to a variety of applied problems.
Education Required
Virtually all astronomy jobs require at least a college degree. Most require a graduate degree. College and university teaching jobs require either a masters or doctoral degree. A doctoral degree is usually preferred.
There are jobs in government labs, observatories, and industry at the bachelors, masters, or doctoral degree levels. Higher level jobs require higher degrees.
What to do in Elementary and Middle School
Elementary and middle school students wanting to become astronomers should do as well in school as they can. Concentrate on math and science, but do well in all subjects.
In addition to other interesting activities, try to spend time outside at night observing the sky and learning constellations. Find a dark but safe location. Visit observatories, planetariums, and science museums whenever possible. Read about astronomy and other sciences.
What to do in High School
In high school continue taking as many math and science courses as possible, especially challenging honors and AP courses.
Future scientists may think that courses outside the sciences are not important. Nothing could be further from the truth. Scientists need to communicate their important discoveries to the world, usually in writing. Hence they need English courses to learn to write well. History and social studies courses help future scientists understand the possible implications of their work to humanity. Having good grades in all classes increases the chances of earning a scholarship to college.
Outside of school future astronomers should engage in whatever extracurricular activities interest them and keep them well rounded. Continue to read about science, observe the night sky, and if possible join an astronomy club. Adult club members can help young people increase their astronomical knowledge.
What to do in College and Graduate School
If an astronomy major is not available, major in physics in college. Take as many courses as possible in physics, mathematics, and astronomy. Computer science courses are also handy. Do well in courses outside the sciences to get a complete education. Learn to write clearly.
Many, but not all, astronomical jobs require a graduate degree. Doing as well as possible in college makes it more likely to get into a good graduate program and to get the graduate program paid for. Most science graduate programs pay good students a modest stipend.
Pursuing a career in astronomy is not easy, but it can be very interesting, challenging, and rewarding. What other career choice could promise the Sun, Moon, and stars-and deliver?!
Further Reading
Paul A. Heckert - I have a Ph.D. in astrophysics, over 30 years experience teaching physics and astronomy, and over 60 published research articles.
